@techreport{TempelChenTaoetal.,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Tobias Tempel and Rui Chen and Yun Tao and Zhi Liu},
  title     = {From A to Z? Retrieval-induced forgetting of non-verbal information indicates how writing systems can shape memory organisation},
  number    = {International Journal of Psychology 55(3), 2020},
  institution = {Wiley Online Library},
  doi       = {10.1002/ijop.12594},
  abstract  = {We investigated retrieval-induced forgetting of motor sequences in samples of Chinese participants. Retrieval-induced forgetting occurs when selective retrieval of a subset of information stored in memory causes forgetting for the non-retrieved rest. This phenomenon critically depends on the organised storage of separate categories of memory representations. In studies with participants from a Western culture (Germany), a categorization in left- and right-hand movements previously had been supported by letter stimuli based on a spatial mental representation of the Roman alphabet. The same assignment of letters from the beginning or end of the alphabet to motor sequences performed either with the left- or the right-hand did not entail retrieval-induced forgetting in the present study, however (Experiment 1). In Experiment 2, visual features of displaying to-be-learned sequences additionally supported a distinction into left and right. In Experiment 3, learning trials provided verbal category labels. The occurrence of retrieval-induced forgetting in the latter two experiments suggests language-dependent organisation of non-verbal items in memory.},
  language  = {en}
}