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The problem-solving performance of primary school students depend on their attitudes and beliefs. As it is not easy to change attitudes, we aimed to change the relationship between problem-solving performance and attitudes with a training program. The training was based on the assumption that self-generated external representations support the problem-solving process. Furthermore, we assumed that students who are encouraged to generate representations will be successful, especially when they analyze and reflect on their products. A paper-pencil test of attitudes and beliefs was used to measure the constructs of willingness, perseverance, and self-confidence. We predicted that participation in the training program would attenuate the relationship between attitudes and problem-solving performance and that non-participation would not affect the relationship. The results indicate that students’ attitudes had a positive effect on their problem-solving performance only for students who did not participate in the training.
Aus Sicht der Lehrkräfte spielen Anschauungsmittel im arithmetischen Anfangsunterricht eine zentrale Rolle insbesondere für Kinder mit Schwierigkeiten beim Rechenlernen. Offene Fragen sind dabei, welche Kriterien die Lehrkräfte der Auswahl heranziehen, ob bzw. wie sie deren Einsatz einführen und begleiten und welche Überzeugungen diesen Entscheidungen zu Grunde liegen. In einer qualitativen Studie wird diesen Fragen anhand von Leitfadeninterviews mit Lehrkräften nachgegangen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden diese Forschungsergebnisse vorgestellt und diskutiert.